CVSup is a software package for distributing and updating source trees from a master CVS repository on a remote server host. The FreeBSD sources are maintained in a CVS repository on a central development machine in California. With CVSup, FreeBSD users can easily keep their own source trees up to date.
CVSup uses the so-called pull model of updating. Under the pull model, each client asks the server for updates, if and when they are wanted. The server waits passively for update requests from its clients. Thus all updates are instigated by the client. The server never sends unsolicited updates. Users must either run the CVSup client manually to get an update, or they must set up a cron job to run it automatically on a regular basis.
The term CVSup, capitalized just so, refers to the entire software package. Its main components are the client cvsup which runs on each user's machine, and the server cvsupd which runs at each of the FreeBSD mirror sites.
As you read the FreeBSD documentation and mailing lists, you may see references to sup. Sup was the predecessor of CVSup, and it served a similar purpose. CVSup is used much in the same way as sup and, in fact, uses configuration files which are backward-compatible with sup's. Sup is no longer used in the FreeBSD project, because CVSup is both faster and more flexible.
The easiest way to install CVSup is to use the precompiled net/cvsup package from the FreeBSD packages collection. If you prefer to build CVSup from source, you can use the net/cvsup port instead. But be forewarned: the net/cvsup port depends on the Modula-3 system, which takes a substantial amount of time and disk space to download and build.
Note: If you are going to be using CVSup on a machine which will not have XFree86 installed, such as a server, be sure to use the port which does not include the CVSup GUI, cvsup-without-gui.
If you do not know anything about CVSup at all and want a single package which will install it, set up the configuration file and start the transfer via a pointy-clicky type of interface, then get the net/cvsupit package. Just hand it to pkg_add(1) and it will lead you through the configuration process in a menu-oriented fashion.
CVSup's operation is controlled by a configuration file called the supfile. There are some sample supfiles in the directory /usr/share/examples/cvsup/.
The information in a supfile answers the following questions for cvsup:
In the following sections, we will construct a typical supfile by answering each of these questions in turn. First, we describe the overall structure of a supfile.
A supfile is a text file. Comments begin with # and extend to the end of the line. Lines that are blank and lines that contain only comments are ignored.
Each remaining line describes a set of files that the user wishes to receive. The line begins with the name of a ``collection'', a logical grouping of files defined by the server. The name of the collection tells the server which files you want. After the collection name come zero or more fields, separated by white space. These fields answer the questions listed above. There are two types of fields: flag fields and value fields. A flag field consists of a keyword standing alone, e.g., delete or compress. A value field also begins with a keyword, but the keyword is followed without intervening white space by = and a second word. For example, release=cvs is a value field.
A supfile typically specifies more than one collection to receive. One way to structure a supfile is to specify all of the relevant fields explicitly for each collection. However, that tends to make the supfile lines quite long, and it is inconvenient because most fields are the same for all of the collections in a supfile. CVSup provides a defaulting mechanism to avoid these problems. Lines beginning with the special pseudo-collection name *default can be used to set flags and values which will be used as defaults for the subsequent collections in the supfile. A default value can be overridden for an individual collection, by specifying a different value with the collection itself. Defaults can also be changed or augmented in mid-supfile by additional *default lines.
With this background, we will now proceed to construct a supfile for receiving and updating the main source tree of FreeBSD-CURRENT.
Which files do you want to receive?
The files available via CVSup are organized into named groups called ``collections''. The collections that are available are described in the following section. In this example, we wish to receive the entire main source tree for the FreeBSD system. There is a single large collection src-all which will give us all of that. As a first step toward constructing our supfile, we simply list the collections, one per line (in this case, only one line):
src-all
Which version(s) of them do you want?
With CVSup, you can receive virtually any version of the sources that ever existed. That is possible because the cvsupd server works directly from the CVS repository, which contains all of the versions. You specify which one of them you want using the tag= and date= value fields.
Warning: Be very careful to specify any tag= fields correctly. Some tags are valid only for certain collections of files. If you specify an incorrect or misspelled tag, CVSup will delete files which you probably do not want deleted. In particular, use only tag=. for the ports-* collections.
The tag= field names a symbolic tag in the repository. There are two kinds of tags, revision tags and branch tags. A revision tag refers to a specific revision. Its meaning stays the same from day to day. A branch tag, on the other hand, refers to the latest revision on a given line of development, at any given time. Because a branch tag does not refer to a specific revision, it may mean something different tomorrow than it means today.
Section A.7 contains branch tags that users might be interested in. When specifying a tag in CVSup's configuration file, it must be preceded with tag= (RELENG_4 will become tag=RELENG_4). Keep in mind that only the tag=. is relevant for the ports collection.
Warning: Be very careful to type the tag name exactly as shown. CVSup cannot distinguish between valid and invalid tags. If you misspell the tag, CVSup will behave as though you had specified a valid tag which happens to refer to no files at all. It will delete your existing sources in that case.
When you specify a branch tag, you normally receive the latest versions of the files on that line of development. If you wish to receive some past version, you can do so by specifying a date with the date= value field. The cvsup(1) manual page explains how to do that.
For our example, we wish to receive FreeBSD-CURRENT. We add this line at the beginning of our supfile:
*default tag=.
There is an important special case that comes into play if you specify neither a tag= field nor a date= field. In that case, you receive the actual RCS files directly from the server's CVS repository, rather than receiving a particular version. Developers generally prefer this mode of operation. By maintaining a copy of the repository itself on their systems, they gain the ability to browse the revision histories and examine past versions of files. This gain is achieved at a large cost in terms of disk space, however.
Where do you want to get them from?
We use the host= field to tell cvsup where to obtain its updates. Any of the CVSup mirror sites will do, though you should try to select one that is close to you in cyberspace. In this example we will use a fictional FreeBSD distribution site, cvsup666.FreeBSD.org:
*default host=cvsup666.FreeBSD.org
You will need to change the host to one that actually exists before running CVSup. On any particular run of cvsup, you can override the host setting on the command line, with -h hostname.
Where do you want to put them on your own machine?
The prefix= field tells cvsup where to put the files it receives. In this example, we will put the source files directly into our main source tree, /usr/src. The src directory is already implicit in the collections we have chosen to receive, so this is the correct specification:
*default prefix=/usr
Where should cvsup maintain its status files?
The CVSup client maintains certain status files in what is called the ``base'' directory. These files help CVSup to work more efficiently, by keeping track of which updates you have already received. We will use the standard base directory, /usr/local/etc/cvsup:
*default base=/usr/local/etc/cvsup
This setting is used by default if it is not specified in the supfile, so we actually do not need the above line.
If your base directory does not already exist, now would be a good time to create it. The cvsup client will refuse to run if the base directory does not exist.
Miscellaneous supfile settings:
There is one more line of boiler plate that normally needs to be present in the supfile:
*default release=cvs delete use-rel-suffix compress
release=cvs indicates that the server should get its information out of the main FreeBSD CVS repository. This is virtually always the case, but there are other possibilities which are beyond the scope of this discussion.
delete gives CVSup permission to delete files. You should always specify this, so that CVSup can keep your source tree fully up-to-date. CVSup is careful to delete only those files for which it is responsible. Any extra files you happen to have will be left strictly alone.
use-rel-suffix is ... arcane. If you really want to know about it, see the cvsup(1) manual page. Otherwise, just specify it and do not worry about it.
compress enables the use of gzip-style compression on the communication channel. If your network link is T1 speed or faster, you probably should not use compression. Otherwise, it helps substantially.
Putting it all together:
Here is the entire supfile for our example:
*default tag=. *default host=cvsup666.FreeBSD.org *default prefix=/usr *default base=/usr/local/etc/cvsup *default release=cvs delete use-rel-suffix compress src-all
As mentioned above, CVSup uses a pull method. Basically, this means that you connect to the CVSup server, and it says, ``Here is what you can download from me...'', and your client responds ``OK, I will take this, this, this, and this.'' In the default configuration, the CVSup client will take every file associated with the collection and tag you chose in the configuration file. However, this is not always what you want, especially if you are synching the doc, ports, or www trees -- most people cannot read four or five languages, and therefore they do not need to download the language-specific files. If you are CVSuping the ports collection, you can get around this by specifying each collection individually (e.g., ports-astrology, ports-biology, etc instead of simply saying ports-all). However, since the doc and www trees do not have language-specific collections, you must use one of CVSup's many nifty features; the refuse file.
The refuse file essentially tells CVSup that it should not take every single file from a collection; in other words, it tells the client to refuse certain files from the server. The refuse file can be found (or, if you do not yet have one, should be placed) in base/sup/refuse. base is defined in your supfile; by default, base is /usr/local/etc/cvsup, which means that by default the refuse file is in /usr/local/etc/cvsup/sup/refuse.
The refuse file has a very simple format; it simply contains the names of files or directories that you do not wish to download. For example, if you cannot speak any languages other than English and some German, and you do not feel the need to use the German applications (or applications for any other languages, except for English), you can put the following in your refuse file:
ports/chinese ports/french ports/german ports/hebrew ports/japanese ports/hungarian ports/korean ports/portuguese ports/russian ports/ukrainian ports/vietnamese doc/de_DE.ISO8859-1 doc/el_GR.ISO8859-7 doc/es_ES.ISO8859-1 doc/fr_FR.ISO8859-1 doc/it_IT.ISO8859-15 doc/ja_JP.eucJP doc/nl_NL.ISO8859-1 doc/pt_BR.ISO8859-1 doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R doc/sr_YU.ISO8859-2 doc/zh_TW.Big5
and so forth for the other languages (you can find the full list by browsing the FreeBSD FTP server). Note that the name of the repository is the first ``directory'' in the refuse file.
With this very useful feature, those users who are on slow links or pay by the minute for their Internet connection will be able to save valuable time as they will no longer need to download files that they will never use. For more information on refuse files and other neat features of CVSup, please view its manual page.
You are now ready to try an update. The command line for doing this is quite simple:
# cvsup supfile
where supfile is of course the name of the supfile you have just created. Assuming you are running under X11, cvsup will display a GUI window with some buttons to do the usual things. Press the ``go'' button, and watch it run.
Since you are updating your actual /usr/src tree in this example, you will need to run the program as root so that cvsup has the permissions it needs to update your files. Having just created your configuration file, and having never used this program before, that might understandably make you nervous. There is an easy way to do a trial run without touching your precious files. Just create an empty directory somewhere convenient, and name it as an extra argument on the command line:
# mkdir /var/tmp/dest # cvsup supfile /var/tmp/dest
The directory you specify will be used as the destination directory for all file updates. CVSup will examine your usual files in /usr/src, but it will not modify or delete any of them. Any file updates will instead land in /var/tmp/dest/usr/src. CVSup will also leave its base directory status files untouched when run this way. The new versions of those files will be written into the specified directory. As long as you have read access to /usr/src, you do not even need to be root to perform this kind of trial run.
If you are not running X11 or if you just do not like GUIs, you should add a couple of options to the command line when you run cvsup:
# cvsup -g -L 2 supfile
The -g tells CVSup not to use its GUI. This is automatic if you are not running X11, but otherwise you have to specify it.
The -L 2 tells CVSup to print out the details of all the file updates it is doing. There are three levels of verbosity, from -L 0 to -L 2. The default is 0, which means total silence except for error messages.
There are plenty of other options available. For a brief list of them, type cvsup -H. For more detailed descriptions, see the manual page.
Once you are satisfied with the way updates are working, you can arrange for regular runs of CVSup using cron(8). Obviously, you should not let CVSup use its GUI when running it from cron(8).
The file collections available via CVSup are organized hierarchically. There are a few large collections, and they are divided into smaller sub-collections. Receiving a large collection is equivalent to receiving each of its sub-collections. The hierarchical relationships among collections are reflected by the use of indentation in the list below.
The most commonly used collections are src-all, and ports-all. The other collections are used only by small groups of people for specialized purposes, and some mirror sites may not carry all of them.
The main FreeBSD CVS repository, including the cryptography code.
Files related to the distribution and mirroring of FreeBSD.
Sources for the FreeBSD Handbook and other documentation. This does not include files for the FreeBSD web site.
The FreeBSD Ports Collection.
Archiving tools.
Astronomical ports.
Sound support.
Miscellaneous files at the top of /usr/ports.
Benchmarks.
Biology.
Computer aided design tools.
Chinese language support.
Communication software.
character code converters.
Databases.
Things that used to be on the desktop before computers were invented.
Development utilities.
Editors.
Emulators for other operating systems.
Monetary, financial and related applications.
FTP client and server utilities.
Games.
German language support.
Graphics utilities.
Hungarian language support.
Internet Relay Chat utilities.
Japanese language support.
Java utilities.
Korean language support.
Programming languages.
Mail software.
Numerical computation software.
MBone applications.
Miscellaneous utilities.
Multimedia software.
Networking software.
USENET news software.
Software support for Palm™ series.
Portuguese language support.
Printing software.
Russian language support.
Security utilities.
Command line shells.
System utilities.
text processing utilities (does not include desktop publishing).
Vietnamese language support.
Software related to the World Wide Web.
Ports to support the X window system.
X11 clocks.
X11 file managers.
X11 fonts and font utilities.
X11 toolkits.
X11 servers.
X11 window managers.
The main FreeBSD sources, including the cryptography code.
Miscellaneous files at the top of /usr/src.
User utilities that may be needed in single-user mode (/usr/src/bin).
Utilities and libraries from outside the FreeBSD project, used relatively unmodified (/usr/src/contrib).
Cryptography utilities and libraries from outside the FreeBSD project, used relatively unmodified (/usr/src/crypto).
Kerberos and DES (/usr/src/eBones). Not used in current releases of FreeBSD.
System configuration files (/usr/src/etc).
Games (/usr/src/games).
Utilities covered by the GNU Public License (/usr/src/gnu).
Header files (/usr/src/include).
Kerberos5 security package (/usr/src/kerberos5).
KerberosIV security package (/usr/src/kerberosIV).
Libraries (/usr/src/lib).
System programs normally executed by other programs (/usr/src/libexec).
Files required to produce a FreeBSD release (/usr/src/release).
System utilities for single-user mode (/usr/src/sbin).
Cryptographic libraries and commands (/usr/src/secure).
Files that can be shared across multiple systems (/usr/src/share).
The kernel (/usr/src/sys).
Kernel cryptography code (/usr/src/sys/crypto).
Various tools for the maintenance of FreeBSD (/usr/src/tools).
User utilities (/usr/src/usr.bin).
System utilities (/usr/src/usr.sbin).
The sources for the FreeBSD WWW site.
The CVSup server's own configuration files. Used by CVSup mirror sites.
The GNATS bug-tracking database.
FreeBSD mailing list archive.
The pre-processed FreeBSD WWW site files (not the source files). Used by WWW mirror sites.
For the CVSup FAQ and other information about CVSup, see The CVSup Home Page.
Most FreeBSD-related discussion of CVSup takes place on the FreeBSD technical discussions mailing list <freebsd-hackers@FreeBSD.org>. New versions of the software are announced there, as well as on the FreeBSD announcements mailing list <freebsd-announce@FreeBSD.org>.
Questions and bug reports should be addressed to the author of the program at <cvsup-bugs@polstra.com>.
CVSup servers for FreeBSD are running at the following sites:
cvsup.ar.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <msagre@cactus.fi.uba.ar>)
cvsup.au.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@ntt.net.au>)
cvsup2.au.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@isp.net.au>)
cvsup3.au.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@speednet.com.au>)
cvsup4.au.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@ideal.net.au>)
cvsup5.au.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@cvsup5.au.FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup.at.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <postmaster@wu-wien.ac.at>)
cvsup2.at.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <ftp-admin.zid@univie.ac.at>)
cvsup.br.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@cvsup.br.FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup2.br.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <tps@ti.sk>)
cvsup3.br.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <camposr@matrix.com.br>)
cvsup4.br.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@tcoip.com.br>)
cvsup5.br.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <hostmaster@br.FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup.bg.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <hostmaster@bg.FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup.ca.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@ca.FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup.cn.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <phj@cn.FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup.cz.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cejkar@fit.vutbr.cz>)
cvsup.dk.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <jesper@skriver.dk>)
cvsup3.dk.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <morten@skriver.dk>)
cvsup.ee.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <taavi@uninet.ee>)
cvsup.fi.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <count@key.sms.fi>)
cvsup2.fi.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <count@key.sms.fi>)
cvsup.fr.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <hostmaster@fr.FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup2.fr.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <ftpmaint@uvsq.fr>)
cvsup3.fr.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <ftpmaint@enst.fr>)
cvsup4.fr.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <ftpmaster@t-online.fr>)
cvsup5.fr.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <freebsdcvsup@teaser.net>)
cvsup8.fr.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <ftpmaint@crc.u-strasbg.fr>)
cvsup.de.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@cosmo-project.de>)
cvsup2.de.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@nikoma.de>)
cvsup3.de.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <ag@leo.org>)
cvsup4.de.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@cosmo-project.de>)
cvsup5.de.FreeBSD.org (maintainer Ralf S. Engelschall <rse@FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup6.de.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <adminmail@heitec.net>)
cvsup7.de.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <karsten@rohrbach.de>)
cvsup.gr.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <ftpadm@duth.gr>)
cvsup2.gr.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <paschos@cs.uoi.gr>)
cvsup.hu.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <janos.mohacsi@bsd.hu>)
cvsup.is.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <hostmaster@is.FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup.ie.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <dwmalone@maths.tcd.ie>), Trinity College, Dublin.
cvsup.jp.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsupadm@jp.FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup2.jp.FreeBSD.org (maintainer Masafumi NAKANE <max@FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup3.jp.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <shige@cin.nihon-u.ac.jp>)
cvsup4.jp.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup-admin@ftp.media.kyoto-u.ac.jp>)
cvsup5.jp.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@imasy.or.jp>)
cvsup6.jp.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsupadm@jp.FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup.kr.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cjh@kr.FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup2.kr.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <holywar@mail.holywar.net>)
cvsup3.kr.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <hostmaster@cvsup3.kr.FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup.lv.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <system@soft.lv>)
cvsup.lt.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <domas.mituzas@delfi.lt>)
cvsup2.lt.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <vaidas.damosevicius@sampo.lt>)
cvsup.nz.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@langille.org>)
cvsup.nl.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <xaa@xaa.iae.nl>)
cvsup2.nl.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@nl.uu.net>)
cvsup3.nl.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@vuurwerk.nl>)
cvsup4.nl.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <hostmaster@cvsup4.nl.FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup.no.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <Per.Hove@math.ntnu.no>)
cvsup.pl.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <Mariusz@kam.pl>)
cvsup2.pl.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <hostmaster@cvsup2.pl.FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup3.pl.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <hostmaster@cvsup3.pl.FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup.pt.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <jpedras@webvolution.net>)
cvsup.ro.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <razor@ldc.ro>)
cvsup2.ro.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <hostmaster@rofug.ro>)
cvsup3.ro.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <veedee@c7.campus.utcluj.ro>)
cvsup.ru.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <ache@nagual.pp.ru>)
cvsup2.ru.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <dv@dv.ru>)
cvsup3.ru.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <fjoe@iclub.nsu.ru>)
cvsup4.ru.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <zhecka@klondike.ru>)
cvsup5.ru.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <maxim@macomnet.ru>)
cvsup6.ru.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <pvr@corbina.net>)
cvsup.sm.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <sysadmin@alexdupre.com>)
cvsup.sg.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <mirror-maintainer@mirror.averse.net>)
cvsup.sk.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <tps@tps.sk>)
cvsup2.sk.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <tps@tps.sk>)
cvsup.si.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <blaz@si.FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup2.si.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cuk@cuk.nu>)
cvsup.za.FreeBSD.org (maintainer Mark Murray <markm@FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup2.za.FreeBSD.org (maintainer Mark Murray <markm@FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup.es.FreeBSD.org (maintainer Jesus Rodriguez <jesusr@FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup2.es.FreeBSD.org (maintainer Jesus Rodriguez <jesusr@FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup3.es.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <jose@we.lc.ehu.es>)
cvsup.se.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <pantzer@ludd.luth.se>)
cvsup2.se.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@dataphone.net>)
cvsup.tw.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <ijliao@FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup3.tw.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <foxfair@FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup4.tw.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <einstein@NHCTC.edu.tw>)
cvsup5.tw.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <einstein@NHCTC.edu.tw>)
cvsup6.tw.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <jason@tw.FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup7.tw.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@abpe.org>)
cvsup8.tw.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <heboy@FreeBSD.tku.edu.tw>)
cvsup9.tw.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cs871256@csie.ncu.edu.tw>)
cvsup10.tw.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <rafan@infor.org>)
cvsup11.tw.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <vanilla@FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup12.tw.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <GEO.bbs@birdnest.twbbs.org>)
cvsup13.tw.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cdsheen@tw.FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup.tr.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <roots@enderunix.org>)
cvsup2.ua.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <freebsd-mnt@lucky.net>)
cvsup3.ua.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <ftpmaster@ukr.net>), Kiev
cvsup4.ua.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <phantom@cris.net>)
cvsup5.ua.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <never@nevermind.kiev.ua>)
cvsup.uk.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <ftp-admin@plig.net>)
cvsup2.uk.FreeBSD.org (maintainer Brian Somers <brian@FreeBSD.org>)
cvsup3.uk.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <ben.hughes@uk.easynet.net>)
cvsup4.uk.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <ejb@leguin.org.uk>)
cvsup5.uk.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <mirror@teleglobe.net>)
cvsup1.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cwt@networks.cwu.edu>), Washington state
cvsup2.FreeBSD.org (maintainers <djs@secure.net> and Jacques Vidrine <nectar@FreeBSD.org>), Virginia
cvsup3.FreeBSD.org (maintainer Garrett Wollman <wollman@FreeBSD.org>), Massachusetts
cvsup5.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <mjr@blackened.com>), Arizona
cvsup6.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@cvsup.adelphiacom.net>), Illinois
cvsup7.FreeBSD.org (maintainer John Polstra <jdp@FreeBSD.org>), Washington state
cvsup8.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <hostmaster@bigmirror.com>), Washington state
cvsup9.FreeBSD.org (maintainer John Polstra <jdp@FreeBSD.org>), Minnesota
cvsup10.FreeBSD.org (maintainer John Polstra <jdp@FreeBSD.org>), California
cvsup11.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@research.uu.net>), Virginia
cvsup12.FreeBSD.org (maintainer Will Andrews <will@FreeBSD.org>), Indiana
cvsup13.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <dima@valueclick.com>), California
cvsup14.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <freebsd-cvsup@mfnx.net>), California
cvsup15.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@math.uic.edu>), Illinois
cvsup16.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <pth3k@virginia.edu>), Virginia
cvsup17.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <cvsup@mirrortree.com>), Washington state
cvsup18.FreeBSD.org (maintainer <hostmaster@cvsup18.FreeBSD.org>)
This, and other documents, can be downloaded from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/doc/.
For questions about FreeBSD, read the
documentation
before contacting <questions@FreeBSD.org>.
For questions about this documentation, e-mail <doc@FreeBSD.org>.